Mercury probe snaps images, suffers glitch Oct 1, 2009
Messenger, which was launched in 2004, takes its name from an extended acronym that stands for MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry and Ranging. The probe swung past Earth once and Venus twice before beginning its three Mercury flybys. (MSNBC -- Technology)
MESSENGER Spacecraft Prepares For Final Pass By Mercury Sep 30, 2009
28, 2009) NASA's Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft known as MESSENGER will fly by Mercury for the third and final time on Sept. 29. The spacecraft will pass less than 142 miles above the planet's rocky surface for a final gravity assist that will enable it to enter Mercury's orbit in 2011. (Science Daily)
MESSENGER Spacecraft Makes Final Pass by Mercury Sep 30, 2009
NASA's Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft known as MESSENGER will fly by Mercury for the third and final time on Sept. 29. The spacecraft will pass less than 142 miles above the planet's rocky surface for a final gravity assist that will enable it to enter Mercury's orbit in 2011. (NASA Watch)
> read more Sep 30, 2009
Messenger (short for Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging) has made one flyby of Earth and two of Venus besides the triple play at Mercury. By the time it becomes the planet's satellite, it'll have looped around the Sun 15 times. (SkyAndTelescope.com)
Probe zooms past Mercury for last flyby Sep 30, 2009
NASA launched Messenger short for MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging in 2004. The probe once and Venus twice before beginning its three Mercury flybys. (MSNBC -- Technology)
Greenhouse Rock: Stone-Cold Data from Ancient Glacial Deposits May Help Reveal Future Climate Change Sep 25, 2009
"Everything humans do to the climate now is on top of this." Shedding new light on the climate Schaefer and other scientists are using a combination of old stonemason tools and cutting-edge machinery, along with some basic geochemistry, to decipher and date this distribution of ancient temperatures. When a glacier starts its retreat, it exposes the surface it had entombed to daylight. (Scientific American)
U.S. spacecraft prepares for final pass by Mercury Sep 24, 2009
An image of the planet Mercury, made during the January 2008 flyby of the planet by the Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft is seen in this image released by NASA July 3, 2008. The image shows that volcanoes were involved in plains formation and suggest that its magnetic field is actively produced in the planet's core. (Xinhuanet, China)
NASA Preview of MESSENGER's Third Flight Past Mercury Sep 23, 2009
WASHINGTON -- NASA will host a media teleconference at 1 p.m. EDT on Wednesday, Sept. 23, to preview the third and final flyby of Mercury by the Mercury Surface, Space Environment, Geochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft known as MESSENGER.. On Sept. 29, the spacecraft will swing less than 142 miles above the planet's rocky surface for a final gravity assist that will enable it to enter orbit around Mercury in March 2011. (NASA Watch)
CanAlaska intercepts 40.4 metres of uranium mineralization in basement rocks at Fond Du Lac Sep 22, 2009
4 metres of uranium mineralization in basement rocks at Fond Du Lac. VANCOUVER, Sept. 22 /CNW/ - CanAlaska Uranium Ltd. (TSX.V - CVV) ('CanAlaska' or the 'Company') is pleased to report assay results from its August 2009 drill program at the Fond Du Lac Project in the Athabasca Basin, Canada. (Canada Newswire)
Chandrayaan-1 X-ray Spectrometer Success To Provide New Understanding Of Lunar Surface Sep 21, 2009
Although contact was lost with Chandrayaan-1 last month, the enhanced performance of the C1XS instrument, which exceeded its design specification, means that the science team will be able to determine the geochemistry of new areas of the lunar surface, adding some vital pieces to the jigsaw of the mineralogy of the lunar surface. The miniature C1XS instrument investigated the lunar surface using an effect whereby X-ray illumination from the Sun causes rocks to fluoresce, emitting light at a... (Science Daily)
Research reveals poisonous plastic pollutants in the Ocean Sep 18, 2009
Accra, Sept. 17, GNA - A Japanese Professor in Geochemistry, Hideshige Taka, on Thursday said the ocean was being poisoned with Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), which caused deformities in marine lives and human beings. He explained that aquatic animals especially fishes transfer the effect of the POPs, which were like plastic resin pallets and in the form of small granules, generally with the shape of a cylinder or a disk, with a diameter of about a millimetre through the food chain. (Ghana Web, Ghana)
ESO Starts First Phase of Work on Donna (Formerly DNA) Gold Property on Monashee Mountain, B.C. Sep 15, 2009
76 g/t) gold found in float from the area of the soils geochemistry anomaly. Grades ranging from trace to 0. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
All that glisters looks very much like gold Sep 7, 2009
To find what is hidden by extensive but relatively shallow cover requires remote sensing and geochemistry sampling. Encounter has done that and is now ready to drill at its T2 and BM1 targets. (Sydney Morning Herald -- Business)
College kids parents grapple with letting go Sep 2, 2009
But Alexa Sierackis dreams of studying geochemistry were fulfilled when she was chosen for an elite spot in USCs Resident Honors Program and offered a generous scholarship to pay tuition and living expenses, which top $51,000 a year. Oh, gosh, how can you not be so thrilled for her. (MSNBC -- Health)
Rockin’ since 1969 Aug 28, 2009
After pursuing an interest in geochemistry sparked by flipping through the back pages of his chemistry book, Korotev landed in a lab working under a professor who studied lunar rocksmore specifically, lunar rocks brought back from the Apollo 11 mission. Now, after 40 years, Korotev is a research faculty member in the Washington University earth and planetary sciences department. (Washington University Student Life, MO)
Bloggers' challenge: Has Cache Valley's climate changed? Aug 24, 2009
DD wrote on Aug 23, 2009 4:16 PM:" Peter, does this at least partially answer your last question?Lake Bonneville fluctuations and global climate changeCharles G. OviattDepartment of Geology, Thompson Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-3201Lake Bonneville, the largest late Pleistocene closed-basin lake in the North American Great Basin, fluctuated widely in response to changes in climate. The geochemistry and mineralogy of endogenic calcium carbonate deposited in deep water,... (Logan Herald Journal, UT)
Bizarre Fossil Organisms Likely Absorbed Nutrients through Their Skin Aug 19, 2009
Paleontologist of Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, says that he's "enthusiastic about the idea." of Rice University, who studies early Earth geochemistry, says Laflamme's theory is certainly "quite possible" and that Laflamme's nutrition models will provide constraints on how scientists interpret the lives of these cryptic critters. . (Scientific American)
Latin American Minerals' CEO and Executive Chairman Step Down; Company Provides Project Update Aug 12, 2009
Soil geochemistry resulted in the discovery of the original discovery zone and the Company has used this technique very successfully to identify new gold mineralization in densely vegetated areas of Paraguay. The Company expects to have new drill targets in the new soil anomaly by Q4. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Meteorite mineral made in the lab Aug 12, 2009
"Those dust particles accreted into larger and larger objects. And, it's important for us to understand that process to understand the geochemistry of the Earth.". Douglas Rumble, a geophysicist from The Carnegie Institution of Washington said: "One now has to consider whether shock features in meteorites could have been caused by small or large collisions.". (BBC News -- Science)
AGU journal highlights -- Aug. 6, 2009 Aug 7, 2009
The following highlights summarize research papers that have been published in Geophysical Research Letters (GRL), the Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres (JGR-D), or Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (G3) ... A. J. Kettle: Biogeochemistry Department, Max Plank Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany; Now at Department of Earth Sciences, State University of New York at Oswego, Oswego, New York, USA ... M. O. Andreae: Biogeochemistry Department, Max Plank Institute for Chemistry,... (EurekAlert!)
Iron Isotopes As A Tool In Oceanography Aug 4, 2009
Current thesis research aims to improve our understanding of iron cycling between sediments and seawater and compares the affects of contrasting sediment geochemistry on iron flux generating processes. "In the future I would like to examine processes of sedimentary iron cycling in the high-latitudes, where sediments are subject to enhanced rates of environmental change due to changing climate in these regions," said Homoky. (Science Daily)
August 2009 Geology and GSA Today media highlights Aug 1, 2009
Natural and anthropogenic sources of East Asian dust Gaojun Li et al., State Lab of Mineral Deposits Research, Institute of Surficial Geochemistry, Dept. of Earth Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093. Pages 727-730. (EurekAlert!)
Andean Salars: Reflections Of Earth And Climate History Jul 30, 2009
Aquatic Geochemistry, 2009; 15 (1-2): 123 DOI. Risacher F., Alonso H., Salazar C. The origin of brines and salts in Chilean salars : a hydrochemical review. (Science Daily)
Intrepid Mines Limited: Tujuh Bukit Project, Indonesia Jul 30, 2009
To view the images showing recently compiled soil geochemistry overlain on aeromagnetics (400m line spacing and local ground magnetics), please visit the following link. The results of these surveys is most encouraging and supports the interpretation of multiple mineralised areas beyond those currently known at Zones A, B & C. These results form the basis for follow-up work to allow for drilling in late 2009 and early 2010. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Earliest Animals Lived In Lake Environment Jul 28, 2009
"All our analyses show that the rocks' minerals and geochemistry are not compatible with deposition in seawater," Bristow said. "Moreover, we found smectite in only some locations in South China, and not uniformly as one would expect for marine deposits. This was an important indicator that the rocks hosting the fossils were not marine in origin. Taken together, several lines of evidence indicated to us that these early animals lived in a lake environment.". (Science Daily)
Waterloo Provides Update on Qualifying Transaction Jul 24, 2009
She is President and senior geochemist with pHase Geochemistry Inc. and has over twelve years of experience in environmental consulting in the mining industry, pertaining particularly to the specialization of acid rock drainage, waste management and water quality predictions. She has worked on a wide variety of mining projects in North America, South America, Australia and Indonesia for clients from industry, regulatory agencies, and other consulting groups. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Altair Signs Option Agreement on BC Property Jul 22, 2009
In its February 11, 2008 press release Spire reported: "The new revised geological potential in the Discovery Zone considers surface widths that range from approximately 50m to 150m wide, a surface continuity (length) along strike ranging from approximately 1,400m to 2,500m and a depth, as indicated by diamond drilling, ranging from 50 to 90 vertical meters. Using an average specific gravity (s.g.) of 2.4, a tonnage range from approximately 1.2 to 81 million tonnes can be estimated. Considering... (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Geo Announces Geothermal Plans Jul 22, 2009
Successful exploration for geothermal resources requires expertise in hydrothermal processes, structural geology, and geochemistry ... He was director of the Geochemistry Division for Kennecott Exploration, Inc., then a tenured professor in geochemistry and Guggenheim Fellow at the University of Arizona ... Mike England, President and CEO of Geo Minerals states, "We are very excited to be entering the field of geothermal exploration. There is great potential for discovery, and we anticipate... (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Apollo 11 Moon Rocks Still Crucial 40 Years Later, Say Researchers Jul 19, 2009
I went to graduate school in 1971 to study lunar geochemistry so that I'd know how to interpret the chemical data we obtained in terms of lunar geology. That's what I'm still doing. (Science Daily)
Facts of the Matter Jul 18, 2009
Confounding the problem are multiple variables (carbon dioxide plays multiple roles in geochemistry) and nonlinearity of the relationship (at higher temperatures the oceans release stored greenhouse gases resulting in positive feedback) ... Confounding the problem are multiple variables (carbon dioxide plays multiple roles in geochemistry) and nonlinearity of the relationship (at higher temperatures the oceans release stored greenhouse gases resulting in positive feedback). (Honolulu Star-Bulletin)
International Star Announces Latest Assay Results Jul 16, 2009
July 15, 2009 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- International Star, Inc. (I-Star) (OTCBB: - ) announced today that it has received encouraging results from rock chip and soil geochemistry samples taken from its Black Mountain, Arizona, property. Rock sample grades of up to 7. (Primezone Releases)
Researchers Find A Quicker, Cheaper Way To Sort Isotopes Jul 14, 2009
Isotopic analysis is used in a wide range of research, including geochemistry, medicine, and climatology. Until now, the analysis has been done using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer, which works by giving individual molecules an electric charge, then using a magnet to separate the isotopes by their mass the more neutrons, the more mass. (Science Daily)
First Drill Results From 2009 Program on Brookbank Area Up to 21.1 Grams Gold Per Tonne Over 10.6 Meters Jul 10, 2009
A prospecting/geology, linecutting and soil geochemistry program is in progress within 2 kilometers to the east of the Brookbank Deposit to delineate a new drill target. This area was originally prospected in the 1980's and more recently highlighted by airborne geophysics. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Pacific Iron Ore Corporation Announces the Completion of the Technical Report on Separation Property Jul 8, 2009
Geochemistry of all pegmatites should also be reviewed. Mr. Jeffery Austin, President of Pacific Iron Ore Corporation stated that "this is an exciting opportunity to establish a significant project in the Kenora, Ontario region. Once our preliminary work on the Property is complete the Corporation intends to seek appropriate joint venture partners to further develop the opportunity.". (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Movers and Shakers Jul 7, 2009
Grunder leads field trips in every class she teaches, and is a widely recognized expert in such diverse fields as volcanology, igneous petrology, geochemistry, and physical geology. Linda Kjerulf and Robert Conniff, Corvallis area financial advisers for Waddell qualified for the firm s annual Circle of Champions conference for its top advisors. (Corvallis Gazette Times, OR)
Fields of Scientific Study Jul 5, 2009
Geochemistry News Stories, Current Geochemistry News Events, Discoveries and Articles. Manually add to your RSS reader. (BrightSurf.com)
Earth Science Jul 5, 2009
Geochemistry News Stories, Current Geochemistry News Events, Discoveries and Articles ... Geochemistry News Stories, Current Geochemistry News Events, Discoveries and Articles. (BrightSurf.com)
Lucara and Motapa Complete Transaction Jul 4, 2009
Dr. Gurney has a PhD in geochemistry and a BSc (Honours) from the University of Cape Town, where he has served as a professor since 1984. Dr. Gurney is one of the world's leading authorities in the field of geochemical exploration for diamondiferous kimberlites. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Entree Gold Exploration Review Jun 30, 2009
The zone of surface alteration and anomalous geochemistry now exceeds 1. 2 kilometres in length and 600 metres in width. (PR Newswire)
Adamus Further Increases Ghana Landholding Jun 23, 2009
The exploration undertaken by these parties included detailed soil geochemistry, trenching, geophysics including magnetic and IP surveys and various phases of auger, RC and diamond drilling. A detailed soil geochemical programme identified several anomalous zones with a broad, 3km long soil anomaly being identified in the south of the project area and smaller discrete anomalies in the north. (Canada Newswire)
CanAlaska Uranium Ltd. - Drilling resumes at Black Lake uranium project Jun 5, 2009
These samples were analysed for uranium and multi-element geochemistry by tri-acid digestion and ICP-MS. The samples were collected by CanAlaska field geologists under the supervision of Dr. Karl Schimann, and were shipped in secure containment to the laboratories noted above. Peter Dasler, M.Sc. (Canada Newswire)
Inter-Rock Nevada Mineral Property Update Jun 5, 2009
The rock chip geochemistry returned gold to 7. 0 ppm, silver to 39 ppm, arsenic to 690 ppm, and mercury to 9. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Otterburn Ventures Inc.: Detailed Prospecting and Grid Geochemical Sampling Defines New High Grade Silver and Gold Zones Jun 4, 2009
The mineralogy, geochemistry and geology suggest the mineralization may be related to a syn-sedimentary, shallow-marine VMS hydrothermal system similar to that mined at the Eskay Creek and Equity Silver deposits. This exploration target will remain the main focus of Otterburn's field work during the 2009 season. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
Magnetic Tornadoes Could Liberate Mercury's Tenuous Atmosphere Jun 3, 2009
However, it can be seen by special instruments attached to telescopes and spacecraft like MESSENGER (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging). "Mercury's atmosphere is so thin, it would have vanished long ago unless something was replenishing it," says Dr. James A. Slavin of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. (Science Daily)
Mirasol Reports Claudia Project Exploration Summary Jun 2, 2009
During the joint venture, Hochschild completed more than 4,000 line kilometres of ground magnetometry, and 249 line kilometres of gradient array IP geophysics covering six blocks, 1155 rock chip samples and MMI geochemistry. A total of 3,794 metres of core drilling in 26 holes were completed in December 2007, and 3,168 metres of reverse circulation (RC) drilling in 25 holes were completed in December 2008. (Canada Newswire)
Space rock yields carbon bounty May 27, 2009
"The interesting thing is that we do see this variability between meteorites, seeming to have increased enrichments of one particular compound over another," said Mark Sephton, a meteorite and geochemistry professor at Imperial College London. "This has for a while been overlooked as we concentrated predominantly on the Murchison meteorite, but now we've got another fresh sample and we can start to analyse a different portion of the asteroid belt and therefore a different portion of the Solar... (BBC News -- Americas)
Marine Mammals' Brains On Pesticides May 21, 2009
Co-author Chris Reddy, an associate scientist in the WHOI Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry Department, describes the work as groundbreaking because Eric measures a variety of different chemicals in animal tissues that had not been previously explored. It gives us greater insight into how these chemicals may behave in marine mammals. (Science Daily)
First Evidence Of Pre-industrial Mercury Pollution In The Andes May 20, 2009
His research combines paleolimnology (the study of ancient lake sediments) with the fields of archaeology, and geochemistry. The research team included Prentiss Balcom from the University of Connecticut (USA), Harald Biester from the University of Braunschweig (Germany), and Alexander Wolfe from the University of Alberta. (Science Daily)
Business Briefcase May 17, 2009
Henderson developed a computer program to predict the movement of denser-than-water solutions that are pumped into aquifers to oxidize volatile organic compounds, and simulate changes in aquifer geochemistry resulting from the oxidation reactions. The research is important because chlorinated solvents contaminate shallow aquifers across the country and in many Montana communities. (Helena Independent Record, MT)
Online Courses in Marine Biology May 16, 2009
These include Marine Chemistry , Marine Organic Geochemistry , Marine Hydrodynamics , and many others. This option is excellent for a self-motivated learner interested in taking a free marine biology course online. (Suite101.com)
New Species Thrives In Extremely High Temperature And Pressure May 11, 2009
1) The Serpentine cruise was lead by Yves Fouquet, Head of GEODE Multi-disciplinary Studies of Extreme Environments in the Deep Seas and head of the Geochemistry and Metallogeny Laboratory of Ifremer Brest. It has gathered geologists, geochemists, biologists and microbiologists. (Science Daily)
Tech announces student awards (41) May 10, 2009
Jesse Nichols, chemistry and geochemistry. Michael Drewett, computer science. (Montana Standard, MT)
Irrigation-arsenic water link May 9, 2009
Geochemist Shawn Benner and his former graduate student, Monty Busbee, published their findings in this month's issue of the Journal of Applied Geochemistry. Benner and Busbee found that more than a century of irrigation has caused naturally occurring arsenic in the soil to be carried to underground reservoirs. (Pocatello Idaho State Journal, ID)
Origin Of Volcano's Carbon-based Lavas May 7, 2009
"The chemistry and isotopic composition of the gases reveal that the CO2 is directly sourced from the upper mantle below the East African Rift," said David Hilton, professor of geochemistry at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego and coauthor of the paper. "These mantle gases allow us to infer the carbon content of the upper mantle that is producing the carbonatites to be around 300 parts per million, a concentration that is virtually identical to that measured below mid-ocean... (Science Daily)
May 2009 Geology media highlights May 5, 2009
Reconstructing Earth's surface oxidation across the Archean-Proterozoic transition Qingjun Guo et al., State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China ... This change in redox conditions was associated with changes in ocean biogeochemistry. (EurekAlert!)
Moon-rock scientist, Beazley honoured May 4, 2009
Professor Taylor received the nation's highest civilian honour for his "outstanding service to science, particularly in the fields of geochemistry and cosmochemistry". Former Labor leader Kim Beazley also received his AC for "service to the parliament of Australia". (Sydney Morning Herald -- Australia)
Impala Mineral Exploration Announces Acquisition of Busolwa Gold Property in Tanzania's Lake Victoria Greenstone Belt - Home to Two World-Class Gold Mines May 2, 2009
This included geology, aeromagnetics and soil geochemistry, all of which led to some reconnaissance drilling. In 2000, further IP ground geophysics and geological sampling were conducted on the property - prior to drilling numerous RAB holes, as well as opening several trenches along the banded iron formation. (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
New missions target Mars moon Phobos May 1, 2009
These lunar soil samples are now housed at the Vernadsky Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry in Moscow, Russia. The director of the Institute, Erik Galimov, thinks samples from Phobos could help answer many mysteries about the Martian moon's origin and composition. (MSNBC -- Technology)
Origin And Evolution Of Planet Mercury May 1, 2009
On Oct. 6, 2008, the MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging spacecraft, better known as MESSENGER, made its second close-approach flyby of Mercury. More than 30 years later MESSENGER has revealed Mercury in almost its entirety for the first time. (Science Daily)
Magnetic Twisters "Dance" Across Mercury, Study Says May 1, 2009
Part of a suite of new findings based on October 2008 data from the MESSENGER (MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging) spacecraft, the study could help explain why Mercury's thin, inconstant atmosphere is so, well, mercurial. The findings, published this week in the journal Science, could also add to scientists' understanding of the phenomenon called space weather. (National Geographic)
CanAlaska Uranium Ltd. - Cree East Uranium Project drill results May 1, 2009
The first complete set of drill assay results are now available for the Cree East project, where anomalous uranium and nickel metal indicators were received from samples in 11 of the 15 holes, and anomalous associated geochemistry in 13 of the 15 holes drilled ... Thirteen of these drill holes have anomalous geochemistry in the last 10 to 60 metres of the sandstone unit overlying the basement ... Eleven of the holes have uranium and nickel geochemistry exhibiting over five times background... (Canada Newswire)
May-June 2009 GSA Bulletin media highlights Apr 29, 2009
Anders et al. use 40Ar/39Ar isotopic dating, paleomagnetic analysis, major- and trace-element geochemistry, and standard optical techniques to establish regional tephra correlations. They focus on tephra deposits in three Neogene basins in spatially separated areasGrand Valley, in eastern Idaho; Jackson Hole, in northwestern Wyoming; and the Granite Mountains area, in central Wyoming. (EurekAlert!)
Ancient ecosystem found under Antarctic glacier Apr 17, 2009
Techniques in biogeochemistry, microbiology and molecular biology and other novel tests were used to figure out how the ecosystem could survive without photosynthesis. The ecosystem has the "potential to be a modern analog to what geochemistry and biogeochemistry was like millions of years ago," Mikucki continued. (Xinhuanet, China)
How Brine-Loving Microbes Survive Extremes Apr 7, 2009
"We believe that the composition of the microbial communities and their metabolisms are linked to environmental differences, mainly in the geochemistry and intensity and frequency of fluid expulsion between the sites," said Joye ... In the current edition of Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems, a team of researchers uncovers and characterizes a process. (Science Daily)
Allana Resources Completes Initial Reconnaissance Exploration at Ethiopian Potash Project Apr 6, 2009
Farhad Abasov, President and CEO of Allana, commented "Allana has successfully completed a reconnaissance programme of structural and geological mapping as well as evaluation of hydrothermal brine geochemistry on its Danakil Potash Project. While more work is required, we have been encouraged that all studies to date indicate continuity of the potash horizon. It is also encouraging that the brine chemistry indicates that dissolution of the potash horizon by hot brines is not a major factor.... (CCNMatthews Press Releases)
